In this episode, we look at language classification in the first half of the nineteenth century and at some key ideas in the work of Wilhelm von Humboldt.
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References for Episode 3
Primary Sources
Condillac, Etienne Bonnot de (1746), Essai sur l’origine des connoissances humaines, 2 vols., Amsterdam: Mortier. Bibliothèque Nationale de France
(English trans. Essay on the Origin of Human Knowledge [2001], ed. and trans. Hans Aarsleff, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.)
Herder, Johann Gottfried von (1772), Abhandlung über den Ursprung der Sprache, Berlin: Voß. archive.org
(English trans. ‘Treatise on the Origin of Language’, Herder: Philosophical Writings, ed. and trans. Michael N. Forster, pp. 65–164, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.)
Humboldt, Wilhelm von (1836), ‘Über die Verschiedenheit des menschlichen Sprachbaues’, Über die Kawi-Sprache auf der Insel Java, vol. 1, ed. Alexander von Humboldt, Berlin: Dümmler. archive.org
(English trans. On Language. The diversity of human language structure and ist influence on the mental development of mankind [1988], trans. Peter Heath, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.)
Humboldt, Wilhelm von (1905 [1820]), ‘Über das vergleichende Sprachstudium in Beziehung auf fie verschiedenen Epochen der Sprachentwicklung’, Wilhelm von Humboldts Gesammelte Schriften, vol. 4, ed. Albert Leitzmann, pp. 1-34, Behr: Berlin. archive.org
(English trans. ‘On the comparative study of language and ist relation to the different periods of language development’, Wilhelm von Humboldt: Essays on Language [1997], ed. T. Harden and D. Farrelly, pp. 1–22. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.)
Locke, John (1975 [1690]), An essay concerning human understanding, ed. Peter H. Nidditch, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Schlegel, August Wilhelm (1818), Observations sur la langue et la littérature provençales, Paris: Librairie grecque-latine-allemande. archive.org
Schlegel, Friedrich (1808), Ueber die Sprache und Weisheit der Indier, Heidelberg: Mohr und Zimmer. archive.org (English trans. ‘On the Indian Language, Literature and Philosophy’ [1900], The Æsthetic and Miscellaneous Works of Friedrich von Schlegel, ed. and trans. E. J. Millington, pp. 425–536, London: George Bell and Sons. archive.org)
Secondary Sources
Aarsleff, Hans (1982), From Locke to Saussure: Essays on the study of language and intellectual history, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Trabant, Jürgen (1986), Apeliotes oder der Sinn der Sprache, Wilhelm von Humboldts Sprachbild, München: Wilhelm Fink. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek
Trabant, Jürgen (2012), Weltansichten: Wilhelm von Humboldts Sprachprojekt, München: C.H. Beck.
Stang, Nicholas F. (2018 [2016]), ‘Kant’s Transcendental Idealism’, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2018 Edition), ed. Edward N. Zalta.
https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2018/entries/kant-transcendental-idealism/